| whether to switch to Shortest Path Tree (SPT) phase if multicast data bandwidth threshold is reached. For routers upstream from RP, if this option is disabled, it means that the router will not proceed from protocol phase one (register encapsulation) to native multicast traffic flow. It is recommended to enable this option.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;"| whether to switch to Shortest Path Tree (SPT) phase if multicast data bandwidth threshold is reached. For routers upstream from RP, if this option is disabled, it means that the router will not proceed from protocol phase one (register encapsulation) to native multicast traffic flow. It is recommended to enable this option.
| multicast data bandwidth threshold. If this threshold is reached in the specified time interval, switching to Shortest Path Tree (SPT) happens. If value 0 is configured, switching will happen immediately.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" | multicast data bandwidth threshold. If this threshold is reached in the specified time interval, switching to Shortest Path Tree (SPT) happens. If value 0 is configured, switching will happen immediately.
| time interval in which to account multicast data bandwidth, used in conjunction with '''switch-to-spt-bytes''' to determine if switching threshold is reached.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" | time interval in which to account multicast data bandwidth, used in conjunction with '''switch-to-spt-bytes''' to determine if switching threshold is reached.
|}
|}
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Since RouterOS v4.6 it is possible to specify source address interface will use to participate in multicast cloud. Previously one of interface addresses was chosen without any particular order.
Since RouterOS v4.6 it is possible to specify source address interface will use to participate in multicast cloud. Previously one of interface addresses was chosen without any particular order.
Configuration of interface of the router that will participate in multicast network. Interfaces that are not configured here (or in [[IGMP-Proxy]]) will discard multicast packets.
Configuration of interface of the router that will participate in multicast network. Interfaces that are not configured here (or in [[IGMP-Proxy]]) will discard multicast packets.
{| border="0"
!style="background:#cccccc;"| Property
When deploying multicast configuration over wireless links one should be cautious how and what works. For details about [[Manual:Multicast_and_wireless|multicast and wireless links]].
!style="background:#cccccc;"| Desciption
{{Note|There is no interface count limitation in this menu other than how much hardware can handle}}
| if router can receive multicast streams over groups that are not in standard Class-D section then you have to set up this field, so these groups are recognised as multicast groups and will not be discarded.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| if router can receive multicast streams over groups that are not in standard Class-D section then you have to set up this field, so these groups are recognised as multicast groups and will not be discarded.
| time that is subtracted by assert winner from assert-time field, to ensure, that assert winner will always send its assert messages before everyone else.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| time that is subtracted by assert winner from assert-time field, to ensure, that assert winner will always send its assert messages before everyone else.
| if for stream source more than one router with multicast support is available, then one with highest priority will become Designated router of that multicast stream and will handle stream delivery to RP. Higher value means higher priority.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| if for stream source more than one router with multicast support is available, then one with highest priority will become Designated router of that multicast stream and will handle stream delivery to RP. Higher value means higher priority.
| how long consider sender of hello packet received on interface in neighbour list. (usually 3.5 times of hello-period)
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| how long consider sender of hello packet received on interface in neighbour list. (usually 3.5 times of hello-period)
| when interface starts to participate in multicast cloud then this value is max time interface will wait before sending hello packet. That period of waiting is random from 0 to value set in this field.
| when interface starts to participate in multicast cloud then this value is max time interface will wait before sending hello packet. That period of waiting is random from 0 to value set in this field.
| address that should be used to send out IGMP/PIM packets. Address used should be already assigned to interface. (introduced in 4.6)
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| address that should be used to send out IGMP/PIM packets. Address used should be already assigned to interface. (introduced in 4.6)
|-
|-
|'''propagation-delay''' (<em>integer in milliseconds Default: ''50''</em>)
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|'''propagation-delay''' (<em>integer in milliseconds Default: ''50''</em>)
| expected propagation delay between PIM routers on this network or link.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| expected propagation delay between PIM routers on this network or link.
| if sending PIM router have to be neighbour to receiving (this) router to work with those packets.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| if sending PIM router have to be neighbour to receiving (this) router to work with those packets.
|-
|-
| |'''tracking-support''' (<em>yes | no Default: ''yes''</em>)
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|'''tracking-support''' (<em>yes | no Default: ''yes''</em>)
| if propagation-delay is not negotiated or is not set then that value will be suppressed, if one of PIM neighbours has set false in this field, then propagation-delay will be suppressed.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| if propagation-delay is not negotiated or is not set then that value will be suppressed, if one of PIM neighbours has set false in this field, then propagation-delay will be suppressed.
|-
|-
|'''override-interval''' (<em>integer in milliseconds Default: ''250''</em>)
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|'''override-interval''' (<em>integer in milliseconds Default: ''250''</em>)
| will override propagation-delay negotiated value if set delay time is smaller than this.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| will override propagation-delay negotiated value if set delay time is smaller than this.
|}
|}
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Rendezvous point configuration. Rendezvous point (RP) is a distribution point for multicast group, source provides its data to it, and if there are any subscribers, then RP will provide data to client. Note, that RP will always receive data stream if that exists.
Rendezvous point configuration. Rendezvous point (RP) is a distribution point for multicast group, source provides its data to it, and if there are any subscribers, then RP will provide data to client. Note, that RP will always receive data stream if that exists.
| used to change status of RP entry effectively disabling or enabling it.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| used to change status of RP entry effectively disabling or enabling it.
|-
|-
|'''group''' (multicas group address Default: ''224.0.0.0/4'')
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|'''group''' (multicast group address Default: ''224.0.0.0/4'')
| sets what group this RP will be assigned to. Values accepted are class D ip addresses with mask, thus effectively marking multiple groups to this RP entry e.g. 224.10.10.0/24 will add 256 groups starting with 224.10.10.0 till 224.10.10.255.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| sets what group this RP will be assigned to. Values accepted are class D ip addresses with mask, thus effectively marking multiple groups to this RP entry e.g. 224.10.10.0/24 will add 256 groups starting with 224.10.10.0 till 224.10.10.255.
| when multicast group have multiple RPs, and they are same scope and same priority, then this value is compared. and so you can load balance this way.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|when multicast group have multiple RPs, and they are same scope and same priority, then this value is compared. and so you can load balance this way.
| if several RPs are available for multicast group, and they are both with same scope, then RP with highest priority is chosen. Smaller non-negative value is considered of higher priority. Example: priority of 100 is higher than priority of 101.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| if several RPs are available for multicast group, and they are both with same scope, then RP with highest priority is chosen. Smaller non-negative value is considered of higher priority. Example: priority of 100 is higher than priority of 101.
| at what address you have to look for RP for multicast group specified in group field. If group is set to one of routers interfaces, it should be reachable through whole multicast network, if it not, you will have to set up rules in MRIB (multicast routing information base).
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|at what address you have to look for RP for multicast group specified in group field. If group is set to one of routers interfaces, it should be reachable through whole multicast network, if it not, you will have to set up rules in MRIB (multicast routing information base).
|}
|}
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Rendezvous point candidate configuration, when RP is elected for multicast group
Rendezvous point candidate configuration, when RP is elected for multicast group
| create this entry using other entry as a stencil
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| create this entry using other entry as a stencil
|-
|-
||'''disabled''' (<em>yes | no Default: ''no''</em>)
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|'''disabled''' (<em>yes | no Default: ''no''</em>)
| state of entry
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"| state of entry
|-
|-
|'''group''' (<em>multicast group address Default: ''224.0.0.0/4''</em>)
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|'''group''' (<em>multicast group address Default: ''224.0.0.0/4''</em>)
|routes with will be chosen to be a group RP if no other RP will not participate with higher priority
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|routes with will be chosen to be a group RP if no other RP will not participate with higher priority
|if set to yes, scope-zone setting is obeyed, if set to no, then scope-zone just represents range of groups that it will function as RP
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|if set to yes, scope-zone setting is obeyed, if set to no, then scope-zone just represents range of groups that it will function as RP
* '''hash-mask-length''' (<em>number 4..32 Default: ''30''</em>) : to how much first bits of multicast group should be hashed to reduce protocol overhead
* '''is-scope-zone''' (<em>yes|no Default: ''no''</em>) : if set to yes, scope-zone setting is obeyed, if set to no, then scope-zone just represents range of groups that it will function as BSR
|-
* '''priority''' (<em>number Default: ''1''</em>) : priority of the router in bsr election
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|if set to yes, scope-zone setting is obeyed, if set to no, then scope-zone just represents range of groups that it will function as BSR
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|interface of the router that bsr-candidate will be attached to and if elected BSR
|}
==Multicast route information base==
==Multicast route information base==
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'''Menu:''' <em>/routing pim mrib</em>
'''Menu:''' <em>/routing pim mrib</em>
Route information about where are what components of multicast cloud (sources, RPs)
MRIB routes are used for reverse path forwarding check. In a way, they perform opposite function that FIB (''Forwarding Information Base'') routes: FIB is used to find the right By default, MRIB is populated by FIB routes. Use "multicast" routing filter chanin to control that or set specific parameters for imported FIB routes (e.g. you can change the distance of the route). In addition, you can specify static MRIB routes. This is useful only if you are using multihoming and multicast packet flow will be different from unicast packet flow.
* '''comment''' (<em>text</em>) : textual note to entry can be added to static entries only.
* '''copy-from''' (<em>number</em>) : use other entry as a template to create new one.
Active MRIB entries that are imported from FIB are shown with "dynamic" flag.
* '''destination''' (<em>IP address/mask Default: ''0.0.0.0/0''</em>) : hosts that will be reachable through gateway
* '''disabled''' (<em>yes|no Default: ''no''</em>) : status of entry
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|time when entry will expire if not refreshed
|}
==Multicast neighbors==
==Multicast neighbors==
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This menu only allows to see information about multicast routers that are reachable within one Ethernet from all interfaces participating in multicast routing. This list is created and updated automatically according to state of multicast network.
This menu only allows to see information about multicast routers that are reachable within one Ethernet from all interfaces participating in multicast routing. This list is created and updated automatically according to state of multicast network.
* '''timeout''' (<em>time</em>) : - how much time left when entry will be dropped from list if no hello packets are received. Every time hello packet is received this entry will be refreshed.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|IP address of neighbour multicast router that router have received hello packet.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|how much time left when entry will be dropped from list if no hello packets are received. Every time hello packet is received this entry will be refreshed.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|in what time when sope zone will time out.
* -1 : never expire
* time value : time remaining to expiry
|}
==Multicast forwarding cache status==
==Multicast forwarding cache status==
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Multicast forwarding cache - this section only provides information about current state of multicast cloud at given router, showing states of joins for multicast groups.
Multicast forwarding cache - this section only provides information about current state of multicast cloud at given router, showing states of joins for multicast groups.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|interface that is used to transmit multicast data stream
|}
==Multicast group joins status==
==Multicast group joins status==
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Group join list of all the group joins that are registered by PIM-SM
Group join list of all the group joins that are registered by PIM-SM
Multicast forwarding cache - this section only provides information about current state of multicast cloud at given router, showing states of joins for multicast groups.
* '''group''' (<em>IP address</em>) : multicast group that has at least one registered join request
* '''could-assert-wc''' (<em>interface list</em>) :list of interfaces that have (*,G) join and could trigger assert
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|address of next router towards RP according to PIM RP tree
* '''immediate-rp''' (<em>interface list</em>) : list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (*,*,RP) entry.
|-
* '''immediate-wc''' (<em>interface list</em>) : list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (*,RP) entry.
* '''immediate-sg''' (<em>interface list</em>) : list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (S,G) entry.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|state of this entry towards RP
* '''immediate-sg-rpt''' (<em>interface list</em>) : list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (S,G,rpt) entry.
|-
* '''include-wc''' (<em>interface list</em>) : list of interfaces to which traffic might be forwarded because of hosts that are local members on that interface.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (*,*,RP) entry.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (*,RP) entry.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (S,G) entry.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|list of interfaces that are included in the immediate outgoing interfaces for the corresponding (S,G,rpt) entry.
|style="border-bottom:1px solid gray;" valign="top"|list of interfaces to which traffic might be forwarded because of hosts that are local members on that interface.
Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM or PIM) enables RouterOS to support multicast streaming over network area where routers have PIM set up. Several configured PIM routers together will make multicast cloud where client devices can use IGMP to manage subscriptions to streams. PIM should be used when network topology is complex or stream sources are connected to multicast cloud. Continuous cloud must have configured unique rendezvous point for multicast group or groups used in it and other participants should know how to reach rendezvous point. In simple case when in part of cloud reside only potential clients and no stream sources IGMP proxy can be used instead to conserve resources.
Requirements
Multicast is available on all architectures supported by RouterOS.
Packages required:
system
multicast
Note: v3.x routing-test and multicast packages are incompatible. In case when both are present one of them will be disabled
Note: To get the package you have to download all-packages archive and upload/install multicast package separately on the router
Protocol independent multicast (PIM)
Menu:/routing pim
General PIM protcol settings.
Property
Desciption
switch-to-spt (yes|no, default: yes)
whether to switch to Shortest Path Tree (SPT) phase if multicast data bandwidth threshold is reached. For routers upstream from RP, if this option is disabled, it means that the router will not proceed from protocol phase one (register encapsulation) to native multicast traffic flow. It is recommended to enable this option.
switch-to-spt-bytes (integer, default: 0)
multicast data bandwidth threshold. If this threshold is reached in the specified time interval, switching to Shortest Path Tree (SPT) happens. If value 0 is configured, switching will happen immediately.
switch-to-spt-interval (time, default: 100s)
time interval in which to account multicast data bandwidth, used in conjunction with switch-to-spt-bytes to determine if switching threshold is reached.
Interfaces
Menu:/routing pim interface
Since RouterOS v4.6 it is possible to specify source address interface will use to participate in multicast cloud. Previously one of interface addresses was chosen without any particular order.
Configuration of interface of the router that will participate in multicast network. Interfaces that are not configured here (or in IGMP-Proxy) will discard multicast packets.
When deploying multicast configuration over wireless links one should be cautious how and what works. For details about multicast and wireless links.
Note: There is no interface count limitation in this menu other than how much hardware can handle
if router can receive multicast streams over groups that are not in standard Class-D section then you have to set up this field, so these groups are recognised as multicast groups and will not be discarded.
assert-override-interval (time Default: 3s)
time that is subtracted by assert winner from assert-time field, to ensure, that assert winner will always send its assert messages before everyone else.
assert-time (time Default: 3m)
Time interval when assert-winner will send out repeated assert.
comment (text)
text information for the entry
copy-from (number)
use other, already configured entry as stencil for this new one
disabled (yes | no; Default: no)
state of the entry
dr-priority (integer Default: 1)
if for stream source more than one router with multicast support is available, then one with highest priority will become Designated router of that multicast stream and will handle stream delivery to RP. Higher value means higher priority.
hello-holdtime (time Default: 1m45s)
how long consider sender of hello packet received on interface in neighbour list. (usually 3.5 times of hello-period)
hello-period (time Default: 30s)
how often hello packet will be sent over this interface.
hello-trigerred-delay (time Default: 5s)
when interface starts to participate in multicast cloud then this value is max time interface will wait before sending hello packet. That period of waiting is random from 0 to value set in this field.
address that should be used to send out IGMP/PIM packets. Address used should be already assigned to interface. (introduced in 4.6)
propagation-delay (integer in milliseconds Default: 50)
expected propagation delay between PIM routers on this network or link.
protocols (pim, igmp; Default: 'pim,igmp)
what protocols to support on the interface
require-hello (yes|no Default:yes)
if sending PIM router have to be neighbour to receiving (this) router to work with those packets.
tracking-support (yes | no Default: yes)
if propagation-delay is not negotiated or is not set then that value will be suppressed, if one of PIM neighbours has set false in this field, then propagation-delay will be suppressed.
override-interval (integer in milliseconds Default: 250)
will override propagation-delay negotiated value if set delay time is smaller than this.
Rendezvous point
Menu:/routing pim rp
Rendezvous point configuration. Rendezvous point (RP) is a distribution point for multicast group, source provides its data to it, and if there are any subscribers, then RP will provide data to client. Note, that RP will always receive data stream if that exists.
Property
Desciption
comment (text)
add comment to static RP entry
copy-from (number)
creates another RP just like one you pointed to with number you used.
disabled (yes, no)
used to change status of RP entry effectively disabling or enabling it.
group (multicast group address Default: 224.0.0.0/4)
sets what group this RP will be assigned to. Values accepted are class D ip addresses with mask, thus effectively marking multiple groups to this RP entry e.g. 224.10.10.0/24 will add 256 groups starting with 224.10.10.0 till 224.10.10.255.
hash-mask-length (number 4..32 Default: 30)
when multicast group have multiple RPs, and they are same scope and same priority, then this value is compared. and so you can load balance this way.
priority (number Default: 192)
if several RPs are available for multicast group, and they are both with same scope, then RP with highest priority is chosen. Smaller non-negative value is considered of higher priority. Example: priority of 100 is higher than priority of 101.
address (IP address)
at what address you have to look for RP for multicast group specified in group field. If group is set to one of routers interfaces, it should be reachable through whole multicast network, if it not, you will have to set up rules in MRIB (multicast routing information base).
Rendezvous point candidates
Menu:/routing pim rp-candidates
Rendezvous point candidate configuration, when RP is elected for multicast group
Property
Desciption
comment (text)
additional textual information about entry
copy-from (number)
create this entry using other entry as a stencil
disabled (yes | no Default: no)
state of entry
group (multicast group address Default: 224.0.0.0/4)
routes with will be chosen to be a group RP if no other RP will not participate with higher priority
holdtime (time Default: 2m30s)
after what time next election will be initiated
is-scope-zone (yes|no Default: no)
if set to yes, scope-zone setting is obeyed, if set to no, then scope-zone just represents range of groups that it will function as RP
priority (number Default: 192)
value is used when RP is elected, lower value mean higher priority
interface (interface)
to what interface to bind to if this router is elected as multicast groups RP
Bootstrap router candidates
Menu:/routing pim bsr-candidates
bootstrap router candidate configuration
Property
Desciption
comment (text)
set text describing bsr-candidate list entry
disabled (yes|no Default: no)
set state of the list entry
hash-mask-length (number 4..32 Default: 30)
to how much first bits of multicast group should be hashed to reduce protocol overhead
is-scope-zone (yes|no Default: no)
if set to yes, scope-zone setting is obeyed, if set to no, then scope-zone just represents range of groups that it will function as BSR
priority (number Default: 1)
priority of the router in bsr election
scope-zone (IP address/mask Default: 224.0.0.0/4)
multicast group range that this router will function as BSR
interface (interface)
interface of the router that bsr-candidate will be attached to and if elected BSR
Multicast route information base
Menu:/routing pim mrib
MRIB routes are used for reverse path forwarding check. In a way, they perform opposite function that FIB (Forwarding Information Base) routes: FIB is used to find the right By default, MRIB is populated by FIB routes. Use "multicast" routing filter chanin to control that or set specific parameters for imported FIB routes (e.g. you can change the distance of the route). In addition, you can specify static MRIB routes. This is useful only if you are using multihoming and multicast packet flow will be different from unicast packet flow.
Active MRIB entries that are imported from FIB are shown with "dynamic" flag.
Property
Desciption
comment (text)
textual note to entry can be added to static entries only.
copy-from (number)
use other entry as a template to create new one.
destination (IP address/mask Default: 0.0.0.0/0)
hosts that will be reachable through gateway
disabled (yes|no Default: no)
status of entry
metric (integer Default: 1)
value of cost of the route. Route with least weight will be used if available.
gateway (IP address)
address through where hosts listed in destination field will be reachable.
IGMP group status
Menu:/routing pim igmp-group
Property
Desciption
interface (interface)
group join request received/sent on this interface
group (IP address)
IGMP group of interest
source (IP address)
source of IGMP request
state (exclude | forward | don't forward)
state of IGMP group membership
version (IGMPv1|IGMPv2|IGMPv3)
version of IGMP protocol used
timeout (time)
time when entry will expire if not refreshed
Multicast neighbors
Menu:/routing pim neighbors
This menu only allows to see information about multicast routers that are reachable within one Ethernet from all interfaces participating in multicast routing. This list is created and updated automatically according to state of multicast network.
Property
Desciption
address (ip address)
IP address of neighbour multicast router that router have received hello packet.
interface (text)
on what interface hello packet was received
priority (number 1..255)
priority of the neighbour router
holdtime (time)
how long entry will be held in neighbour list (configured in interface menu hello-holdtime)
timeout (time)
how much time left when entry will be dropped from list if no hello packets are received. Every time hello packet is received this entry will be refreshed.
Bootstrap router status
Menu:/routing pim bsr
Property
Desciption
zone-type (active | expiring | configured )
type of the zone
valign="top"|bsr-address (IP address)
address of BSR router
scope-zone (IP address/mask)
multicast group range this router is a BSR
bsr-priority (integer)
priority of BSR router
local-address (IP address)
local BSR candidate address in scope zone
local-priority (integer)
local BSR candidate priority in scope zone
state (init | candidate | pending | elected | no-info | accept-any | accept-preferred)
state of BSR router
timeout (time | -1)
time-out when this entry will be removed
-1 : never expire
time value : time remaining to expiry
sz-timeout (time | -1)
in what time when sope zone will time out.
-1 : never expire
time value : time remaining to expiry
Multicast forwarding cache status
Menu:/routing pim mfc
Multicast forwarding cache - this section only provides information about current state of multicast cloud at given router, showing states of joins for multicast groups.
Property
Desciption
group (IP address)
name of multicast group
source (IP address)
source of multicast group data
rp (IP address)
address of RP for that multicast group
incoming-interface (interface)
interface that is used to receive multicast data stream
outgoing-interface (interface)
interface that is used to transmit multicast data stream
Multicast group joins status
Menu:/routing pim join
Group join list of all the group joins that are registered by PIM-SM
Multicast forwarding cache - this section only provides information about current state of multicast cloud at given router, showing states of joins for multicast groups.
Property
Desciption
group (IP address)
multicast group that has at least one registered join request
source (IP address)
data provider for that group
rp (IP address)
rendezvous point for multicast group
upstream-interface-source (interface)
router interface receives data stream of the multicast group
upstream-interface-rp (interface)
router interface that is toward the rendezvous point
upstream-mrib-nexthop (IP address)
address of the next router towards RP
upstream-pim-nexthop (IP address)
address of next router towards RP according to PIM RP tree
