Manual:TR069-client

TR069-client implements CPE WAN Management Protocol (CWMP) for remote device management, which is standardized by Broadband Forum (BBF). CWMP works over IP network using HTTP(S) to communicate with Auto Configuration Server (ACS) which can monitor, configure attributes and update the firmware of a remote device. Typically used by ISPs to manage CPEs, but also can be used for Network Infrastructure Device management.

Typical use-case:

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Configuration Settings

TR069-client menu Parameters.

Writable Settings

Client configuration settings.

Property	Desciption
enabled	enable/disable CWMP protocol
acs-url	URL of ACS. Examples: "https://example.com:8080/path/", "http://192.168.1.100/"
username	HTTP authentication username (used by CPE to "login" into ACS)
password	HTTP authentication password (used by CPE to "login" into ACS)
periodic-inform-enabled	enable/disable CPE periodical session initiation. Timer is started after every successful session. When session is started by periodic interval then Inform RPC contains "2 PERIODIC" event. Maps to "Device.ManagementServer.PeriodicInformEnable" Parameter
periodic-inform-interval	timer interval of periodic inform. Maps to "Device.ManagementServer.PeriodicInformInterval"
client-certificate	certificate of client/CPE, which can be used by ACS for extra authentication

Read-only Settings

Reald only parameters to monitor state of the client.

Property	Desciption
status	informative status of CWMP. disabled - protocol disabled, waiting-URL - protocol enabled, but ACS URL not configured, running - CWMP is configured correctly and will communicate with ACS on events
last-session-error	user-friendly error description indicating why the previous session didn't finish successfully
retry-count	consecutive unsuccessful session count. If > 0, then last-session-error should indicate error. Resets to 0 on a successful session, disabled protocol or reboot

Commands

Command	Desciption
reset-tr069-config	completely resets and forgets tr069-client configuration and state (without affecting other ROS configurations). Use when CWMP goes into unresponsive/hanged state and should be restored without re-installation of the RouterOS.

CWMP Session

CWMP client usually starts communication(Session) with ACS on different events - first boot, reboot, periodic interval, remote request, value change etc. In each session, CPE and ACS can call RPCs to be "executed" on the other side. CPE always starts with Inform RPC, which contains connection reason, device info and some Parameter values depending on configuration. When CPE has nothing more to say, then ACS executes its RPCs (which most of the time are Parameter management RPCs).

Parameters and Data Models

Parameters are simple name+value pairs and each vendor can decide which Parameters to support in its devices. A combination of all supported Parameters is called Data Model (DM). BBF defines some Data Models on which vendors should base their supported Parameters.TR181 issue 2 (Device:2) - The new Data Model recommended by BBF which supersedes TR098 and TR181-1 and is periodically updated with new Parameters. Also, defines network stack for more flexible networking configuration.

Mikrotik's Data Model is based on TR181-2 DM

MikroTik does not support older DM's such as:

• TR098 (InternetGatewayDevice.) - First Data Model which was meant for managing Gateway/Router type of devices;

• TR181 issue 1 (Device:1) - Data Model which was meant for non-gateway device management. Some Parameters overlap with TR098.

RouterOS Update via TR069-client

CWMP standard defines that CPE's firmware can be updated using Download RPC with FileType="1 Firmware Upgrade Image" and single URL of a downloadable file (HTTP and HTTPS are supported). Standard also states that downloaded file can be any type and vendor specific process can be applied to finish firmware update. Because MikroTik's update is package based (and also for extra flexibility), an XML file is used to describe firmware upgrade/downgrade. For now, XML configuration supports providing multiple URLs of files, which will be downloaded and applied similarly as regular RouterOS update through firmware/package file upload.

An example of RouterOS bundle package and tr069-client package update (don't forget to also update tr069-client package). An XML file should be put on some HTTP server, which is accessible from CPE for download. Also, downloadable RouterOS package files should be accessible the same way (can be on any HTTP server). Using ACS execute Download RPC with URL pointing to XML file (e.g. "https://example.com/path/upgrade.xml") with contents:

<upgrade version="1" type="links">
   <config/>
   <links>
       <link>
          <url>https://example.com/routeros-mipsbe-X.Y.Z.npk</url>
       </link>
       <link>
          <url>https://example.com/tr069-client-X.Y.Z-mipsbe.npk</url>
       </link>
   </links>
</upgrade>

CPE will download XML, parse/validate its contents, download files from provided URLs and try to upgrade. The result will be reported with TransferComplete RPC.

Warning: Use HTTPS in production for firmware management

Note: Always make firmware updates incremental - first, update locally tested device and make sure that CWMP communication is resumed with a new version and required ROS functionality works. Secondly, repeat steps by updating groups of CPEs incrementally. We do not recommend updating all remote devices at once.

Other configuration options

Different ways how to apply configuration on the device running RouterOS with tr069 package.

FactoryReset RPC

This is CWMP standard RPC, which performs RouterOS configuration factory-reset. The reset process is performed in the same way as executing command /system reset-configuration skip-backup=yes.

Note that the default factory configuration can be different for each device (see [1]) and executing this command removes all configurations and executes internally stored default-configuration script.

[Best Practices Guide for preparing CPE with custom factory settings for TR-069 https://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Main_Page]

Download RPC

The same Download RPC can be used to perform complete configuration overwrite (not yet implemented via other means) OR configuration alteration, a great care must be taken to execute the intended process by selecting the correct script file extension (.overwrite or .alter).

Alter configuration

RouterOS has a lot of configuration attributes and not everything can be ported to CWMP Parameters, that's why RouterOS provides a possibility to execute its powerful scripting language to configure any attribute. A configuration alteration (which is really a regular script execution) can be performed using Download RPC FileType="3 Vendor Configuration File" with downloadable file extension ".alter". This powerful feature can be used to configure any ROS attributes which are not available through CWMP Parameters.

Overwrite all configurations

Note: Work in progress - information about expected behavior is currently being collected

Full ROS configuration overwrites can be performed using Download RPC FileType="3 Vendor Configuration File" with the downloadable file extension ".overwrite".

Security

• HTTP should only be used when testing initial setup in the secured/private network because Man-in-the-middle attacker could read/change configuration parameters. In the production environment, HTTPS is a MUST.
• CWMP's incoming connection validation by design is safe because CPE will not communicate with any other device except previously configured ACS. Connection Request only signals CPE to start a new connection + new session with previously configured ACS.

Tested ACSs

Ordering is alphabetical. MikroTik does not imply any one vendor superiority of another. If some ACS is missing you can notify us of the existence of it and it might be added to the list.

Commercial

• Axiros
• Friendly Tech

Open Source

Warning: Our suggestion is to only use ACS that is actively maintained, however, ones in the list appear to be abondoned

• GenieACS
• FreeACS
• LibreACS