Manual:IP/ARP: Difference between revisions
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{{Versions|2.9, v3, v4 +}} | {{Versions|2.9, v3, v4 +}} | ||
==Summary== | ==Summary== | ||
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<b>Standards:</b> <code>ARP RFC 826</code> | <b>Standards:</b> <code>ARP RFC 826</code> | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
Even though IP packets are addressed using [[IP/Address | IP addresses]], hardware addresses must be used to actually transport data from one host to another. Address Resolution Protocol is used to map OSI level 3 IP addresses to OSI level 2 MAC addreses. Router has a table of currently used ARP entries. Normally the table is built dynamically, but to increase network security, it can be partialy or completely built statically by means of adding static entries. | |||
==Properties== | ==Properties== | ||
{{Mr-arg-table-h | |||
|prop=Property | |||
|desc=Description | |||
}} | |||
{{Mr-arg-table | |||
|arg=address | |||
|type=IP | |||
|default= | |||
|desc=IP address to be mapped | |||
}} | |||
{{Mr-arg-table | |||
|arg=interface | |||
|type=string | |||
|default= | |||
|desc=Interface name the IP address is assigned to | |||
}} | |||
{{ | {{Mr-arg-table-end | ||
|arg=mac-address | |||
|type=MAC | |||
|default=00:00:00:00:00:00 | |||
|desc=MAC address to be mapped to | |||
}} | }} | ||
Read only properties: | |||
{{Mr-arg-table-h | |||
|prop=Property | |||
|desc=Description | |||
}} | |||
{{Mr-arg-ro-table | |||
|arg=dhcp | |||
|type=yes {{!}} no | |||
|desc=Whether ARP entry is added by DHCP server | |||
}} | |||
{{Mr-arg-ro-table | |||
|arg=dynamic | |||
|type=yes {{!}} no | |||
|desc=Whether entry is dynamically created | |||
}} | |||
{{Mr-arg-ro-table-end | |||
|arg=invalid | |||
|type=yes {{!}} no | |||
|desc=Whether entry is not valid | |||
}} | |||
{{ Note | Maximal number of ARP entries is 8192.}} | |||
==ARP Modes== | ==ARP Modes== | ||
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===Proxy ARP=== | ===Proxy ARP=== | ||
A router with properly configured proxy ARP feature acts like a transparent ARP proxy between directly connected networks. | A router with properly configured proxy ARP feature acts like a transparent ARP proxy between directly connected networks. | ||
... | {{...}} | ||
This behaviour can be usefull, for example, if you want to assign dial-in (ppp, pppoe, pptp) clients IP addresses from the same address space as used on the connected LAN. | This behaviour can be usefull, for example, if you want to assign dial-in (ppp, pppoe, pptp) clients IP addresses from the same address space as used on the connected LAN. | ||
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If arp property is set to <code>reply-only</code> on the interface, then router only replies to ARP requests. Neighbour MAC addresses will be resolved using /ip arp statically, but there will be no need to add the router's MAC address to other hosts' ARP tables like in case if arp is [[#Disabled | disabled]]. | If arp property is set to <code>reply-only</code> on the interface, then router only replies to ARP requests. Neighbour MAC addresses will be resolved using /ip arp statically, but there will be no need to add the router's MAC address to other hosts' ARP tables like in case if arp is [[#Disabled | disabled]]. | ||
[[Category:Manual|A]] | [[Category:Manual|A]] | ||
Revision as of 10:00, 21 October 2010
Applies to RouterOS: 2.9, v3, v4 +
Summary
Sub-menu: /ip arp
Standards: ARP RFC 826
Even though IP packets are addressed using IP addresses, hardware addresses must be used to actually transport data from one host to another. Address Resolution Protocol is used to map OSI level 3 IP addresses to OSI level 2 MAC addreses. Router has a table of currently used ARP entries. Normally the table is built dynamically, but to increase network security, it can be partialy or completely built statically by means of adding static entries.
Properties
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| address (IP; Default: ) | IP address to be mapped |
| interface (string; Default: ) | Interface name the IP address is assigned to |
| mac-address (MAC; Default: 00:00:00:00:00:00) | MAC address to be mapped to |
Read only properties:
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| dhcp (yes | no) | Whether ARP entry is added by DHCP server |
| dynamic (yes | no) | Whether entry is dynamically created |
| invalid (yes | no) | Whether entry is not valid |
Note: Maximal number of ARP entries is 8192.
ARP Modes
It is possible to set several ARP modes in interface configuration .....
Disabled
If ARP feature is turned off on the interface, i.e., arp=disabled is used, ARP requests from clients are not answered by the router. Therefore, static arp entry should be added to the clients as well. For example, the router's IP and MAC addresses should be added to the Windows workstations using the arp command:
C:\> arp -s 10.5.8.254 00-aa-00-62-c6-09
Enabled
This mode is enabled by default on all interfaces. ARPs will be discovered automatically and new dynamic entries will be added to ARP table.
Proxy ARP
A router with properly configured proxy ARP feature acts like a transparent ARP proxy between directly connected networks.
(needs editing)
This behaviour can be usefull, for example, if you want to assign dial-in (ppp, pppoe, pptp) clients IP addresses from the same address space as used on the connected LAN.
Reply Only
If arp property is set to reply-only on the interface, then router only replies to ARP requests. Neighbour MAC addresses will be resolved using /ip arp statically, but there will be no need to add the router's MAC address to other hosts' ARP tables like in case if arp is disabled.